Operator in Java
is a symbol that is used to perform operations. For example:
+, -, *, / etc.
There are many types of operators in Java which are given below:
- Unary
Operator,
- Arithmetic
Operator,
- Shift
Operator,
- Relational
Operator,
- Bitwise
Operator,
- Logical
Operator,
- Ternary
Operator and
- Assignment Operator.
Java Unary Operator
The Java unary operators require only one operand. Unary
operators are used to perform various operations i.e.:
- incrementing/decrementing
a value by one
- negating
an expression
- inverting
the value of a boolean
Java Unary Operator
Example: ++ and --
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
int x=10;
4.
System.out.println(x++);//10 (11)
5.
System.out.println(++x);//12
6.
System.out.println(x--);//12 (11)
7.
System.out.println(--x);//10
8.
}}
Output:
10
12
12
10
Java Unary Operator
Example 2: ++ and --
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
int a=10;
4.
int b=10;
5.
System.out.println(a++ + ++a);//10+12=22
6.
System.out.println(b++ + b++);//10+11=21
7.
8.
}}
Output:
22
21
Java Unary Operator
Example: ~ and !
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
int a=10;
4.
int b=-10;
5.
boolean c=true;
6.
boolean d=false;
7.
System.out.println(~a);//-11 (minus of total positive value which starts from 0)
8.
System.out.println(~b);//9 (positive of total minus, positive starts from 0)
9.
System.out.println(!c);//false (opposite of boolean value)
10. System.out.println(!d);//true
11. }}
Output:
-11
9
false
true
Java Arithmetic Operators
Java arithmetic operators are used to perform addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division. They act as basic mathematical
operations.
Java Arithmetic
Operator Example
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
int a=10;
4.
int b=5;
5.
System.out.println(a+b);//15
6.
System.out.println(a-b);//5
7.
System.out.println(a*b);//50
8.
System.out.println(a/b);//2
9.
System.out.println(a%b);//0
10. }}
Output:
15
5
50
2
0
Java Left Shift Operator
The Java left shift operator << is used to shift all of
the bits in a value to the left side of a specified number of times.
Java Left Shift Operator Example
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
System.out.println(10<<2);//10*2^2=10*4=40
4.
System.out.println(10<<3);//10*2^3=10*8=80
5.
System.out.println(20<<2);//20*2^2=20*4=80
6.
System.out.println(15<<4);//15*2^4=15*16=240
7.
}}
Output:
40
80
80
240
Java Right Shift Operator
The Java right shift operator >> is used to move the value
of the left operand to right by the number of bits specified by the right
operand.
Java Right Shift
Operator Example
1.
public OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
System.out.println(10>>2);//10/2^2=10/4=2
4.
System.out.println(20>>2);//20/2^2=20/4=5
5.
System.out.println(20>>3);//20/2^3=20/8=2
6.
}}
Output:
2
5
2
Java Shift Operator Example:
>> vs >>>
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
//For positive number, >> and >>> works same
4.
System.out.println(20>>2);
5.
System.out.println(20>>>2);
6.
//For negative number, >>> changes parity bit (MSB) to 0
7.
System.out.println(-20>>2);
8.
System.out.println(-20>>>2);
9.
}}
Output:
5
5
-5
1073741819
Java AND Operator Example:
Logical && and Bitwise &
The logical && operator doesn't check the second
condition if the first condition is false. It checks the second condition only
if the first one is true.
The bitwise & operator always checks both conditions whether
first condition is true or false.
1. public class OperatorExample{
2. public static void main(String args[]){
3. int a=10;
4. int b=5;
5. int c=20;
6. System.out.println(a<b&&a<c);//false && true = false ,Logical
And(&&)
7. System.out.println(a<b&a<c);//false & true = false , Bitwise
And(&)
8.
}}
Output:
false
false
Java AND Operator
Example: Logical && vs Bitwise &
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
int a=10;
4.
int b=5;
5.
int c=20;
6.
System.out.println(a<b&&a++<c);//false && true = false
7.
System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked
8.
System.out.println(a<b&a++<c);//false && true = false
9.
System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked
10. }}
Output:
false
10
false
11
Java OR Operator
Example: Logical || and Bitwise |
The logical || operator doesn't check the second condition if
the first condition is true. It checks the second condition only if the first
one is false.
The bitwise | operator always checks both conditions whether
first condition is true or false.
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
int a=10;
4.
int b=5;
5.
int c=20;
6.
System.out.println(a>b||a<c);//true || true = true
7.
System.out.println(a>b|a<c);//true | true = true
8.
//|| vs |
9.
System.out.println(a>b||a++<c);//true || true = true
10. System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked
11. System.out.println(a>b|a++<c);//true | true = true
12. System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked
13. }}
Output:
true
true
true
10
true
11
Java Ternary Operator
Java Ternary operator is used as one line replacement for
if-then-else statement and used a lot in Java programming. It is the only
conditional operator which takes three operands.
Java Ternary Operator
Example
1. public class OperatorExample{
2. public static void main(String args[]){
3. int a=2;
4. int b=5;
5. int min=(a<b)?a:b;
6. System.out.println(min);
7.
}}
Output:
2
Another Example:
1. public class OperatorExample{
2. public static void main(String args[]){
3. int a=10;
4. int b=5;
5. int min=(a<b)?a:b;
6. System.out.println(min);
7.
}}
Output:
5
Java Assignment
Operator
Java assignment operator is one of the most common operators. It
is used to assign the value on its right to the operand on its left.
Java Assignment
Operator Example
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String[] args){
3.
int a=10;
4.
a+=3;//10+3
5.
System.out.println(a);
6.
a-=4;//13-4
7.
System.out.println(a);
8.
a*=2;//9*2
9.
System.out.println(a);
10. a/=2;//18/2
11. System.out.println(a);
12. }}
Output:
13
9
18
9
Java Assignment
Operator Example: Adding short
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
short a=10;
4.
short b=10;
5.
//a+=b;//a=a+b internally so fine
6.
a=a+b;//Compile time error because 10+10=20 now int
7.
System.out.println(a);
8.
}}
Output:
Compile time error
After type cast:
1.
public class OperatorExample{
2.
public static void main(String args[]){
3.
short a=10;
4.
short b=10;
5.
a=(short)(a+b);//20 which is int now converted to short
6.
System.out.println(a);
7.
}}
Output:
20
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